Compiled by Mike Pease (1998)
To be updated in January 2000
A data base is now available. It is accompanied by a list of the categories (13) and sub-categories under which items are listed. The data base currently consists of just over 1,100 items extracted from the following publications:
The data base will be maintained on a regular basis with extracts from publications, such as Newsletters, as they become available. This first attempt at producing a data base will need improvement over time. For instance, it may be necessary to improve upon main and sub-categorization; unnecessary duplications may have been included; abbreviations may not be clear. Members are invited to submit suggestions for the improvement of the data base, other than its complete revision, direct to: Michael Pease, Quinta das Espargosas, Odiaxere, 8600 Lagos, Algarve, Portugal. Tel/fax: 351-82-79 84 66. E-mail:mikepeasexx@mail.telepac.pt Data Base Headings
Note referenced document follows subcategory item |
Note. WB# refers to page number in World Bank Technical Paper #273. BOSTID. refers to page number in "Vetiver Grass - A Thin Green Line Against Erosion". Newsletter Vetiver Newsletter. Back issues at Vetiver FTP Site
| Primary | Reference | |
| Heading | Notation | and Page No |
| Alternatives | Black locust should make effective hedge-China | WB#273 p128 |
| Alternatives | Caragana (small leguminous tree)-China | WB#273 p84 |
| Alternatives | Close relatives-Listed | BOSTID p116 |
| Alternatives | Comparison different species erosion/runoff India - See Table | WB#273 p207 |
| Alternatives | Comparison with other hedge barriers-India | WB#273 p185 |
| Alternatives | Contour cultivation, mulches, crop rotations, strip cropping | BOSTID p58 |
| Alternatives | Distant relatives - Listed | BOSTID p114 |
| Alternatives | Eastern Gama Grass (EGG) - Trypsacum dactyloides | USDA '96 p1 |
| Alternatives | EGG- large roots die in 2 yrs; large pores allow good water flow | USDA '96 p2 |
| Alternatives | EGG- more earthworms + birds in or near hedges | USDA '96 p3 |
| Alternatives | EGG- populations of insects + predators higher in or near hedges | USDA '96 p3 |
| Alternatives | EGG- reduced runoff by up to 46% | USDA '96 p1 |
| Alternatives | EGG- reduces wind/evaporation; improves infiltration, aids soil biofactors | USDA '96 p3 |
| Alternatives | EGG- roots extend through hardpan to 200cm - USA | Newsletter#17 p41 |
| Alternatives | EGG- Wattling technique, erosion control | USDA '96 p1 |
| Alternatives | Engineered systems: ground covers; broad grass strips, tied ridges | BOSTID p58 |
| Alternatives | Jiji grass-Achnatherum splendens, area of high pH, i.e. >7.5 | WB#273 p84 |
| Alternatives | King, dwarf elephant, Arachis pintoii - all spreaders | Newsletter#17 p26 |
| Alternatives | Lemon grass has to be replanted every 4-5 years | WB#273 p78 |
| Alternatives | More resistant to stem borers than lemon grass | WB#273 p78 |
| Alternatives | No-till farming; forestry;agro-forestry; living fences | BOSTID p58 |
| Alternatives | Other species ineffective for run-off prevention | WB#273 p13 |
| Alternatives | Pampas grass for temperate areas | WB#273 p122 |
| Alternatives | Pampas grass is serious weed | WB#273 p122 |
| Alternatives | Plant Switch grass/Gama grass 65-80ºF 1" below surface - USA | Newsletter#15 p41 |
| Alternatives | Sea Buckthorn, a shrub Hippophae rhamnoides - China | WB#273 p84 |
| Alternatives | Switch grass (Panicum virgatum) has potential in USA | Newsletter#15 p40 |
| Alternatives | Tall grass hedges reduced crop yields unless hedges trimmed | USDA '96 p1 |
| Alternatives | Temperate-zone species - Listed | BOSTID p121 |
| Alternatives | Tropical grasses unrelated to vetiver - Listed | BOSTID p119 |
| Alternatives | Vegetative barriers, soil buildup reduced slope from 7% to 5% | USDA '96 p1 |
| Alternatives | Vetiver & Nephrolepis (fern) most efficient, dense hedgerows | Newsletter#15 p23 |
| Alternatives | Vetiver more tolerant to high salinity than Paspalum | WB#273 p102 |
| Alternatives | Weeping Lovegrass (Eragrostis curvula) | BOSTID p126 |
| Conservation-soil | 1 mm soil loss/ha = 15 tons | BOSTID p56 |
| Conservation-soil | 1 x hedge 1m from embankment top; 1 x hedge at top of embankment | Newsletter#13 p20 |
| Conservation-soil | 1m VI on all slopes <15%; >15% x 2.5 soil depth | WB#273 p66 |
| Conservation-soil | 73% less soil loss in vetiver plots - India | WB#273 p52 |
| Conservation-soil | <5% slopes 10 cm silt deposited per annum | WB#273 p241 |
| Conservation-soil | Across vleis blocking runoff - Zimbabwe | BOSTID p22 |
| Conservation-soil | Along pathways to conserve soil - Tunisia | BOSTID p23 |
| Conservation-soil | Areas below banks too dry; channel areas too wet | WB#273 p220 |
| Conservation-soil | Around pond banks collects sediments, avoids collapse | WB#273 p196 |
| Conservation-soil | Bank removes soil & removes 5m strip of land from production | WB#273 p220 |
| Conservation-soil | Benefits of between contour bank cropping not well understood | WB#273 p7 |
| Conservation-soil | Complex gully head stablization- use overlapping short rows | Newsletter#13 p20 |
| Conservation-soil | Contour bunded soil loss 13.5 t/ha; hedge soil loss 8.0 tons/ha | WB#273 p51 |
| Conservation-soil | Contour cultivation 12% soil reduction; adding bunds makes no difference | WB#273 p50 |
| Conservation-soil | Crop rotation practices + green manures/organic mulch = sustainable agric | BOSTID p87 |
| Conservation-soil | Deep soil yield-green gram, pigeon pea, pearl millet, safflower | WB#273 p97 |
| Conservation-soil | Different spacings gave little reduction soil/water loss - Thailand | Newsletter#15 p24 |
| Conservation-soil | Don't plant along toe of wall; necessary to stop seepage | WB#273 p240 |
| Conservation-soil | Don't plant on top of bunds; negates filtering capacity | WB#273 p259 |
| Conservation-soil | Double or triple line across stream bed | WB#273 p230 |
| Conservation-soil | Earthmoving | WB#273 p5 |
| Conservation-soil | Effect of contour hedges - Panama - See Photos | Newsletter#15 p39 |
| Conservation-soil | Effect of hedgerows on soil loss and run-off | Newsletter#13 p27 |
| Conservation-soil | Effective in erosion control from wave action on dams | Newsletter#15 p32 |
| Conservation-soil | Embankment loses farmland - 1 ha for each 20 ha treated | WB#273 p220 |
| Conservation-soil | Embankment stabilization -1 hdge 1m from top edge; 1 hedge on bank top | Newsletter#13 p20 |
| Conservation-soil | Engineering - symptoms not disease | WB#273 p114 |
| Conservation-soil | Erosion control on fallow lands - India - See Photo | Newsletter#14 p17 |
| Conservation-soil | Erosion reduced by 72% | Newsletter#15 p25 |
| Conservation-soil | Farmers against terracing steep slopes; occupies too much land + hard work | WB#273 p134 |
| Conservation-soil | Farmers prefer contour vegetative barriers of local grasses to vetiver | Newsletter#15 p22 |
| Conservation-soil | Fast flowing gullies hedges - 10-20 m apart | Newsletter#13 p20 |
| Conservation-soil | Fertiliser loss - Table, N, P and organic carbons | WB#273 p7 |
| Conservation-soil | Flexibility in barrier spacing | Newsletter#13 p12 |
| Conservation-soil | Gully control - start planting at top for early establishment | WB#273 p15 |
| Conservation-soil | Gully head stabilization - 3-5m above head | Newsletter#13 p20 |
| Conservation-soil | Gully stabilization - India - See Photo | Newsletter#14 p21 |
| Conservation-soil | Hedgerows & mulch combined give good soil conservation - Venezuela | Newsletter#15 p23 |
| Conservation-soil | Less soil loss than: banks 43%; contour cultivation 74%; leucaena 54% | BOSTID p13 |
| Conservation-soil | Long & fast flowing gullies; hedges at 10-20m apart | Newsletter#13 p20 |
| Conservation-soil | Many mechanised methods failed | WB#273 p215 |
| Conservation-soil | Maximum acceptable arable land slope 12% - Central Africa | WB#273 p10 |
| Conservation-soil | Maximum acceptable arable land slope 25% - Philippines | WB#273 p10 |
| Conservation-soil | Maximum acceptable arable land slope 35% - Isreal | WB#273 p10 |
| Conservation-soil | No cultivation > 30% slopes - Ethiopia | WB#273 p10 |
| Conservation-soil | OK for slopes <30% (15º); steeper slopes doubtful - China | WB#273 p126 |
| Conservation-soil | Plant downside of mitre drain - Panama | Newsletter#15 p39 |
| Conservation-soil | Possible to control flood flow & erosion on cropped flood plain | Newsletter#14 p26 |
| Conservation-soil | Protects fish pond walls - Java | Newsletter#14 p28 |
| Conservation-soil | Rainfall conservation | WB#273 p7 |
| Conservation-soil | Reduced sediment yields 74-43%, vetiver compared to cross slope & bunds | WB#273 p68 |
| Conservation-soil | Reduced soil erosion up to 65% - India | Newsletter#15 p25 |
| Conservation-soil | Reduced soil loss terracing 63%; vetiver 87% | WB#273 p108 |
| Conservation-soil | Reduces erosion by wave action on dam walls - Queensland, Australia | Newsletter#14 p16 |
| Conservation-soil | Reduces soil loss by 8-11 t/ha; can be >40t/ha | WB#273 p203 |
| Conservation-soil | Reduction in soil loss - See Graph | WB#273 p54 |
| Conservation-soil | Reduction in soil loss vs control 67% - China | Newsletter#18 p.41 |
| Conservation-soil | Relative humidity increased by 5%; air temperature fell 1-2% - China | Newsletter#15 p22 |
| Conservation-soil | River levee protection | WB#273 p236 |
| Conservation-soil | Riverbanks & canal banks - Tanzania | WB#273 p239 |
| Conservation-soil | Rock based roadside & embankment stablization - Trinidad | WB#273 p217 |
| Conservation-soil | Runoff reduced 60-93% - China | Newsletter#15 p22 |
| Conservation-soil | Runoff reduced about 70% over contours - Southern India | Newsletter#15 p22 |
| Conservation-soil | Sandy soils by Yr 30 useless if no protection; with protection >450 years | Newsletter#17 p42 |
| Conservation-soil | Shallow soil yield-green gram, pigeon pea, pearl millet, safflower | WB#273 p98 |
| Conservation-soil | Sheet erosion & trees - See Diagram | WB#273 p219 |
| Conservation-soil | Sheet erosion - See Diagram | WB#273 p218 |
| Conservation-soil | Sheet erosion impact on soil fertility | WB#273 p7 |
| Conservation-soil | Silt loss reduced: 25t/ha to 6t/ha on 2% slope | WB#273 p242 |
| Conservation-soil | Slope not constraint if on contour; 50% slopes used in Fiji | WB#273 p10 |
| Conservation-soil | Slope Table | WB#273 p37 |
| Conservation-soil | Slopes/Spacings between rows Malaysia | Newsletter#13 p23 |
| Conservation-soil | Slopes/Vertical Intervals - See Table | Newsletter#13 p21 |
| Conservation-soil | Soil & water conservation in tea lands very good - Sri Lanka | Newsletter#15 p24 |
| Conservation-soil | Soil loss dropped from 11t/ha to 3t/ha with 3-month hedge-black soils India | BOSTID p4 |
| Conservation-soil | Soil loss in badly managed lands 25-80 t/ha = 50t soil loss per ton maize | Newsletter#17 p42 |
| Conservation-soil | Soil loss reduced 142 t/ha to 1.3 t/ha | WB#273 p249 |
| Conservation-soil | Soil loss reduced by 21.4 tons/ha - China | Newsletter#18 p.2 |
| Conservation-soil | Soil loss reduced by >80% | WB#273 p249 |
| Conservation-soil | Soil loss reduced by mean of 70% compared to leucaena/earth bunds | WB#273 p203 |
| Conservation-soil | Soil loss reduced ex 52 t/ha to 18 t/ha by contour cultivation-India | Newsletter#15 p20 |
| Conservation-soil | Soil loss reduction across/along slope 71.59% & 45.5% | Newsletter#13 p32 |
| Conservation-soil | Soil loss/water runoff for cassava & forage production - See Table | WB#273 p148 |
| Conservation-soil | Soil loss: contour vs Vetiver: 25.5, 16.9; 7.6 t/ha | WB#273 p53 |
| Conservation-soil | Soil stabilization on 100% slope - Panama - See Photo | Newsletter#15 p37 |
| Conservation-soil | Stabilized river banks & reduced sediment flow into rivers - China | Newsletter#18 p.2 |
| Conservation-soil | Sugarcane grown on 100% slopes - Fiji | WB#273 p10 |
| Conservation-soil | Synopsis of yield, soil loss, run-off - See Table | WB#273 p67 |
| Conservation-soil | Topsoil trapped by hedge; slope stabilized - See Photo | BOSTID p42 |
| Conservation-soil | Traps 600gm/m surface soil loss against 18 gm/m for cowgrass | Newsletter#17 p32 |
| Conservation-soil | Traps organic matter, creates micro habitat, indigenous grasses established | Newsletter#15 p25 |
| Conservation-soil | Unnatural interventions | WB#273 p7 |
| Conservation-soil | Uses only 50 cm wide strip for lateral spread | WB#273 p220 |
| Conservation-soil | V. zizanioides/nigritana/Andropogon gayanus compared in semi arid condits | Newsletter#15 p19 |
| Conservation-soil | Vetiver + deep furrows 3.6m intervals reduced soil loss by 56% | Newsletter#15 p22 |
| Conservation-soil | Vetiver hedge 51% reduction in soil loss | WB#273 p51 |
| Conservation-soil | Water & soil loss decreased by 56% and 95% with hedge | WB#273 p136 |
| Conservation-soil | Yield increase 7.04-22.37% over contour cultivation | Newsletter#15 p22 |
| Conservation-water | Labat system field drain protection described - Zimbabwe | Newsletter#17 p36 |
| Conservation-water | Reduced run-off: 30% banks; 47% contour cultivation; 24% leucaena | BOSTID p13 |
| Conservation-water | Reduced water loss 50-60% plus increased crop yield 25% | Newsletter#15 p25 |
| Conservation-water | Retained 3-9% more moisture than other grasses and shrubs | BOSTID p14 |
| Conservation-water | Vetiver + deep furrows 3.6 m intervals reduced water runoff by 65% | Newsletter#15 p22 |
| Conservation-water | Water holding capacity 5.5% more than control - China | Newsletter#18 p.41 |
| Conservation-water | Water run-off reduced by 32% - China | Newsletter#18 p.2 |
| Costings | Benefit:cost treatments/cost - See Table | WB#273 p186 |
| Costings | Bunds cost US$60/ha; vetiver costs $20/ha -India | BOSTID p67 |
| Costings | Cost of vetiver establishment US$s/per/ha, by slope & labour cost - Table | WB#273 p247 |
| Costings | Costings detailed - Thailand | Newsletter#15 p11 |
| Costings | Farmer-owned nursery costs - China 1989 - See Table | WB#273 p24 |
| Costings | Field costs for establishing vetiver hedges 1988 - See Table | WB#273 p23 |
| Costings | Initial establishment US$8 per 100m run | WB#273 p242 |
| Costings | Mechanised: US$900/ha; vetiver: US$200 - China | BOSTID p67 |
| Costings | Nursery 2-row polybag arrangement- US$0.05/plant - Bangladesh 1992 | WB#273 p157 |
| Costings | Nursery start-up costs US$3,000 - Bagladesh 1992 | WB#273 p157 |
| Costings | Per ha. budget for development of vetiver nursery - India 1988 | WB#273 p22 |
| Costings | Production & planting cost = US$0.60/m dated 1993 | WB#273 p256 |
| Costings | Providing and planting vetiver US$1.3/linear meter - South Africa, 1996 | Newsletter#17 p36 |
| Costings | Terracing cost US$825/ha; vetiver cost US$165/ha | WB#273 p136 |
| Costings | US$500 for conventional engineered; US$300 for vetiver | WB#273 p250 |
| Costings | Vetiver stabilization is 10% cost of stone based technology - China | Newsletter#18 p.1 |
| Field ops mechanics | Harvesting-use subsoiler or converted potato harvester - El Salvador | Newsletter#17 p28 |
| Field ops mechanics | Mowing-special sickle bar mounted mower | WB#273 p159 |
| Field ops mechanics | Root digger-large tractor driven; 16" deep, 2 rows clumps/pass | WB#273 p159 |
| Field ops mechanics | Stump slicer-2 sets gang-saws, slices in clumps 4-6 seedlings | WB#273 p159 |
| Field ops mechanics | Transplanter-4-6 row, 30-38"rows - modified tobacco planter | WB#273 p158 |
| Field ops-chemicals | Glyphosphate & fluazifop-butyl phytotoxic to vetiver | WB#273 p138 |
| Field ops-chemicals | Glyphosphate, fluazifop-p-butyl & Setoxidin control suppresses vetiver | WB#273 p143 |
| Field ops-chemicals | Herbicide control of field grown vetiver - See table 9 | WB#273 p143 |
| Field ops-chemicals | Herbicide control of in greenhouse - See table 8 | WB#273 p142 |
| Field ops-chemicals | Herbicide Metsulfuron-methyl best weed control, 400l/ha | WB#273 p138 |
| Field ops-chemicals | Humic acid used successfully to induce root growth in young tillers | WB#273 p256 |
| Field ops-chemicals | Pre-emergent (all) & 2,4D herbicides can be used | Newsletter#13 p20 |
| Field ops-chemicals | Selected herbicides summarised - Malaysia | Newsletter#13 p31 |
| Field ops-frost | Burn back if frosted - Texas | WB#273 p151 |
| Field ops-general | Alley cropping - See Reference | Newsletter#14 p24 |
| Field ops-general | Alley system with vetiver hedges could control erosion - Indonesia | Newsletter#15 p9 |
| Field ops-general | Combine barrier + other practices to reverse degredation & boost fertility | Newsletter#13 p11 |
| Field ops-general | Cut and clean against weeds - Philippines | Newsletter#16 p4 |
| Field ops-general | Easily eliminated mechanically or chemically | Newsletter#14 p8 |
| Field ops-general | Hedges in sugar cane field - See Photos - South Africa | Newsletter#14 p7 |
| Field ops-general | Included in sustainable farming systems - Mali | WB#273 p57 |
| Field ops-general | Lateral spreading control - plow along boundary | WB#273 p18 |
| Field ops-general | Leaves turn reddish from middle to tips; caused by cold temperatures | Newsletter#15 p5 |
| Field ops-general | Maintenance negligible | WB#273 p250 |
| Field ops-general | Management specifications - Listed | Newsletter#13 p31 |
| Field ops-general | Modified A level - Malawi | Newsletter#18 p.54 |
| Field ops-general | Sprayed with Gramoxone, then burnt; good recovery followed | Newsletter#14 p13 |
| Field ops-general | Spread trapped soil up hill above hedge every 5-7 years | Newsletter#15 p28 |
| Field ops-general | Water course control on sugar estate - South Africa - See Photo | Newsletter#14 p6 |
| Field ops-general | Watercourse stabilization - See Diagram | WB#273 p188 |
| Field ops-general | Weed management important for quality hedgerows | WB#273 p173 |
| Field ops-growth | Height 1m in 6 months; tillering 50-60 slips/clump ex 10-15 slips | Newsletter#18 p.37 |
| Field ops-growth | Inoculation with mycorrhizal fungi improves growth - See Table | WB#273 p115 |
| Field ops-growth | No harm in plants flowering; seeds are sterile | WB#273 p18 |
| Field ops-growth | Root inoculation with mycorrhizal fungi improves growth | WB#273 p115 |
| Field ops-labour | 60-120m hedge per person/day against 5-10m wall/ditch person/day | Newsletter#13 p12 |
| Field ops-labour | Farmer can plant about 100m/day in difficult conditions; 200m in easy | WB#273 p256 |
| Field ops-labour | Labour costs for planting with small pots: US$40/100m - Malaysia 1992 | WB#273 p139 |
| Field ops-labour | Vetiver needs more labour/time management - Thailand | Newsletter#15 p9 |
| Field ops-links | Beneficial effect on Cassava; imperative use of water and fertiliser | WB#273 p147 |
| Field ops-links | Better rattooning with sugar if protected by vetiver hedge | Newsletter#13 p23 |
| Field ops-links | Cassava unaffected by vetiver hedge - Columbia | WB#273 p140 |
| Field ops-links | Leucaena & pigeon peas-alley cropping with fruit trees | Newsletter#15 p28 |
| Field ops-links | Maize grown near vetiver hedge better than near Napier grass | Newsletter#16 p4 |
| Field ops-links | Maize production increased by 105% | Newsletter#15 p25 |
| Field ops-links | Mature hedge depressed yields in 1st two rows sorghum - Australia | Newsletter#15 p36 |
| Field ops-links | No cultivation within 20 cm | WB#273 p186 |
| Field ops-links | No inference with herbs planted next to hedge | Newsletter#16 p34 |
| Field ops-links | Plant vetiver at same time or earlier as adjacent crops | WB#273 p179 |
| Field ops-links | Some yield reduction in crop rows nearest hedge | WB#273 p71 |
| Field ops-links | Sorghum yield unaffected by hedge | Newsletter#15 p37 |
| Field ops-links | Sorghum, pigeon-pea & castor higher with vetiver than engineered | WB#273 p183 |
| Field ops-links | Sugar cane yield increased 55% if protected by vetiver hedge | Newsletter#13 p23 |
| Field ops-links | Sugarcane 7-8 ratoon crops with vetiver hedge - Fiji | Newsletter#13 p17 |
| Field ops-links | Tall grass hedges reduce yields in crop rows immediately adjacent | Newsletter#17 p40 |
| Field ops-links | Water competition in 1st row of maize; not 2nd - See Photo | Newsletter#14 p6 |
| Field ops-links | Yield reduction in crop rows nearest hedge compensated by remainder | WB#273 p71 |
| Field ops-livestock | 0.40 ha vetiver sufficient for 1 cow + 1 heifer up to 60 days - Lesotho | Newsletter#14 p15 |
| Field ops-livestock | Cattle have to develop taste for vetiver - Lesotho | Newsletter#14 p15 |
| Field ops-livestock | If cut green, nutritive value between Napier grass & fresh corn | Newsletter#14 p15 |
| Field ops-livestock | Residual leaf after topping for livestock feed - India - See Photos | Newsletter#14 p18 |
| Field ops-mulch | 3 yrs mulch + erosion control improved soils in orchards | WB#273 p180 |
| Field ops-mulch | Compared to coffee husk & grasses - Ethiopia | Newsletter#13 p14 |
| Field ops-mulch | Contains N,P,K and Mg - Malaysia | BOSTID p44 |
| Field ops-mulch | Effect as mulch on rubber disappointing - Malaysia | WB#273 p174 |
| Field ops-mulch | Green weight tons per 100m2: Yrs 1-3 = 11.4, 14.7, 17.8 | WB#273 p179 |
| Field ops-mulch | Impact on soil properties of 3 years mulching - See Table | WB#273 p180 |
| Field ops-mulch | Lasts longer | WB#273 p65 |
| Field ops-mulch | Mulch better than rice straw in orange orchards - China | WB#273 p137 |
| Field ops-mulch | Reduced rhizome temperatures; humidity and soil moisture increased | WB#273 p180 |
| Field ops-mulch | Spread leaves + dead grass around slips when planting in dry conditions | Newsletter#15 p31 |
| Field ops-nutrients | 1 application 18-46-0 @ 15g/m + 3 applications Urea @ 10gms | Newsletter#13 p12 |
| Field ops-nutrients | 100-250 kg/ha DAP basal 2-3 split application; N @ 100-250kg/ha | Newsletter#14 p20 |
| Field ops-nutrients | 15 gms 18-46-0/linear m. x1 & 10 grams Urea x 3 doubles tillering rate | Newsletter#13 p12 |
| Field ops-nutrients | 20 kg/ha each of P & K20 increased oil yield; not root yield | WB#273 p117 |
| Field ops-nutrients | After 1 year's growth + fertiliser: 30-50 tillers; 10-15 without | WB#273 p135 |
| Field ops-nutrients | Application of N, P & K better split by time & nutrient - China | Newsletter#18 p.46 |
| Field ops-nutrients | Apply NPK in split dressings - China/Hong Kong | Newsletter#15 p19 |
| Field ops-nutrients | Basal dose DAP 5.00 gm/hole or 10 gm/polypot | Newsletter#14 p22 |
| Field ops-nutrients | Basal manure & top dressing necessary for highway embankments | Newsletter#18 p.39 |
| Field ops-nutrients | Chicken dung good - Malaysia | WB#273 p94 |
| Field ops-nutrients | Chicken manure gives good start - South Africa | Newsletter#17 p35 |
| Field ops-nutrients | Diammonium phosphate for fast tillering | WB#273 p231 |
| Field ops-nutrients | Dry weight of vetiver increased by mycorrhizal fungi | WB#273 p116 |
| Field ops-nutrients | Effect of CaMg Phosphate not significant but height and tillering better | WB#273 p106 |
| Field ops-nutrients | Fertiliser effect-increase in tiller production 56% first year; 183% 2nd | WB#273 p152 |
| Field ops-nutrients | Fertiliser increased number of tillers & seed heads - Mississippi, USA | WB#273 p117 |
| Field ops-nutrients | For oil production apply as fertiliser residual of ashes from burnt roots | Newsletter#14 p31 |
| Field ops-nutrients | Influence of fertiliser on tillers, bareland - Hong Kong - Se Tables | Newsletter#17 p24 |
| Field ops-nutrients | Mature hdges do not need fertiliser; nutrients filtered from field | WB#273 p18 |
| Field ops-nutrients | Mycorrhizal fungi may help early growth in alkaline soils | WB#273 p116 |
| Field ops-nutrients | Organic + inorganic fertiliser best for bare land - Hong Kong | Newsletter#17 p24 |
| Field ops-nutrients | Organic manures + N, P & K best - China | Newsletter#18 p.46 |
| Field ops-nutrients | P & N together beneficial | WB#273 p152 |
| Field ops-nutrients | Responded to N & P; not gypsum - See Photo | WB#273 p177 |
| Field ops-nutrients | Sloping land, organic manure better than inorganic; but NPH & FYM best | Newsletter#15 p19 |
| Field ops-nutrients | Split applications of inorganic fertiliser best - Hong Kong | Newsletter#17 p24 |
| Field ops-nutrients | Survival affected by application of inorganic, organic polymers | WB#273 p208 |
| Field ops-nutrients | Transplanted on farmland needs no fertiliser - Hong Kong | Newsletter#17 p23 |
| Field ops-nutrients | Vetiver with N & P in alkaline/sodic soil - See Photo | WB#273 p177 |
| Field ops-pests | BHC 10% @2.00Qtls/ha precautionary when required for pest control | Newsletter#14 p20 |
| Field ops-pests | Borers problem if with corn & sugarcane; vetiver unaffected - El Salvador | Newsletter#17 p28 |
| Field ops-pests | Leaf-cutter ants eat young leaves if planted on top of nest - El Salvador | Newsletter#17 p28 |
| Field ops-pests | Pesticide "Rifulene" effective against sticky worm | WB#273 p80 |
| Field ops-pests | Rates of application for herbicides; weed control - See Table | WB#273 p132 |
| Field ops-pests | Stemborer control: trim to 3cm above ground in winter | WB#273 p77 |
| Field ops-pests | Trim agnst Maya birds (small red rice eaters) - San Salvador | Newsletter#16 p4 |
| Field ops-planting | "V" ditch survival better; increases from 55% to 80% | WB#273 p204 |
| Field ops-planting | 10-15 cm interval best; 3-4 tillers per slip | WB#273 p138 |
| Field ops-planting | 10º slope: 2m VI | WB#273 p136 |
| Field ops-planting | 200 m/day in Madagascar = about US$2 per hectare | Newsletter#18 p.5 |
| Field ops-planting | 3 slips at 5 cm intervals; good survival & rapid hedge creation-Bangalore | WB#273 p75 |
| Field ops-planting | 30 ft intervals on 100% slope - Puerto Rico | Newsletter#15 p15 |
| Field ops-planting | 4 slips at 15 cm intervals -gives best results under semi arid conditions | WB#273 p75 |
| Field ops-planting | 5-7 slips at 15 cm intervals for temperate climate conditions - China | WB#273 p75 |
| Field ops-planting | 57 plants gave 16,000 tillers - Malaysia | BOSTID p41 |
| Field ops-planting | Averaged contour OK for Vetiver; embankment must follow contour | WB#273 p224 |
| Field ops-planting | Avoid old material that has flowered or seeded | WB#273 p43 |
| Field ops-planting | Avoid shaded places | Newsletter#14 p29 |
| Field ops-planting | Avoid waterlogging | WB#273 p48 |
| Field ops-planting | Below 300mm rainfall plant at bottom of 160º 2m V ditch | WB#273 p18 |
| Field ops-planting | Can be left for 10 days | WB#273 p16 |
| Field ops-planting | Clay soils plant 2-3 slips every 10 cm | WB#273 p47 |
| Field ops-planting | Combine barriers with forestry e.g. nitrgoben fixing trees | Newsletter#13 p12 |
| Field ops-planting | Combine barriers with Leucaena spp direct seeded along bariers | Newsletter#13 p12 |
| Field ops-planting | Compacting important around slip | WB#273 p47 |
| Field ops-planting | Culms pegged down with U-shaped wire gave good results - Malaysia | WB#273 p175 |
| Field ops-planting | Culms planting - slit sheath | WB#273 p87 |
| Field ops-planting | Culms-7-10 days buds; 10-15 days new roots - China | WB#273 p108 |
| Field ops-planting | Cut culms produce many branches at internodes; good procedure | WB#273 p87 |
| Field ops-planting | Cut tops 15-20 cm from base; cut roots 10 cm below base | WB#273 p231 |
| Field ops-planting | Delay of 3 days from nursery results in 70% reduction in survival | WB#273 p208 |
| Field ops-planting | Dip in Azospirillum or 5% glucose solution for improved growth | Newsletter#18 p.47 |
| Field ops-planting | dip in clay paste just before planting - China | Newsletter#18 p.67 |
| Field ops-planting | Dip roots in 5-25 ppm 2,4-D, dilute fecal sewage/slurry - China | Newsletter#18 p.20 |
| Field ops-planting | Effect of plant spacing on survival - See Table | WB#273 p75 |
| Field ops-planting | Effect of spacing & density on hedge closure - See Table | WB#273 p76 |
| Field ops-planting | Flat arid lands plant in V ditch | WB#273 p11 |
| Field ops-planting | For <5% slopes plant 2-3 slips every 10 cm in 1 sq ft V ditch | Newsletter#14 p22 |
| Field ops-planting | For >10% planted erosion prone locations intervals of 4-8m between hedges | Newsletter#14 p23 |
| Field ops-planting | For >10% use staggered polypots, 3 polypots per meter | Newsletter#14 p22 |
| Field ops-planting | Gap fill 3-4 weeks after planting - India | WB#273 p186 |
| Field ops-planting | Gap filling - early with clumps, prune neighbouring plants | WB#273 p49 |
| Field ops-planting | Gap filling - slip growth slow | WB#273 p49 |
| Field ops-planting | Good hedgerow dependent on: plant quality, spacing & quantity of fertiliser | WB#273 p91 |
| Field ops-planting | Good, young tillers for fast growth - Malaysia | Newsletter#13 p29 |
| Field ops-planting | Highway embankmnts, steep slopes: 100% survival with polybag plants | WB#273 p90 |
| Field ops-planting | Hole in furrow; avoid "J" bend in roots | WB#273 p232 |
| Field ops-planting | Improved soil fertility from parallel line coppiced leucaena | Newsletter#15 p31 |
| Field ops-planting | Layering good technique; bend culms over and cover | WB#273 p49 |
| Field ops-planting | Layering technique for gaps | WB#273 p243 |
| Field ops-planting | Loose soils, no water logging for higher quality paper production | Newsletter#18 p.37 |
| Field ops-planting | Methods: tissue culture; ratoon; lateral budding; culms; cuttings | WB#273 p160 |
| Field ops-planting | Minimum of 1.5 cm soil water for first planting | WB#273 p46 |
| Field ops-planting | Multiplication by longitudinal-split stems described | Newsletter#18 p.19 |
| Field ops-planting | Multiplication by Pedicel-culm cuttings described | Newsletter#18 p.19 |
| Field ops-planting | Multiplication through pruning tops described | Newsletter#18 p.19 |
| Field ops-planting | Oblique planting 45-60º possibly better- China | Newsletter#18 p.20 |
| Field ops-planting | Oil production in Brazil- 0.5m between plants; 1m between rows | Newsletter#14 p34 |
| Field ops-planting | On 1m VI railway embankment plant 6 rows on 0.25m wide mini benches | Newsletter#15 p32 |
| Field ops-planting | Plant 10-20 cm apart - semi-arid conditions - Rajasthan | WB#273 p208 |
| Field ops-planting | Plant at beginning of wet season, like rice planting | WB#273 p231 |
| Field ops-planting | Plant crown (point of growth) below surface and cover well | Newsletter#16 p36 |
| Field ops-planting | Plant for essential oil only in sub-humid tropics | WB#273 p17 |
| Field ops-planting | Plant gullies and gully heads first on eroded arable lands | WB#273 p243 |
| Field ops-planting | Plant in 15-30 cm deep furrow on contour | WB#273 p46 |
| Field ops-planting | Plant on both sides of drains on steep slopes | BOSTID p35 |
| Field ops-planting | Plant quality, spacing, fertiliser - Malaysia research results | WB#273 p91 |
| Field ops-planting | plant wet for drought survival | WB#273 p242 |
| Field ops-planting | Plant when mean daily temps > 15º C - China | WB#273 p135 |
| Field ops-planting | Plant within 18 hours of uprooting for optimal performance - China | Newsletter#18 p.46 |
| Field ops-planting | Planting of culms to reproduce grass successfully and fast - China | WB#273 p108 |
| Field ops-planting | Planting on terrace lip reduced terrace collapse from 25% to 0% | WB#273 p204 |
| Field ops-planting | Planting on top of bund is useless practice | WB#273 p260 |
| Field ops-planting | Plants raised in pots speed up establishment of hedge barrier | Newsletter#16 p6 |
| Field ops-planting | Plow furrow so not more than 2cm tops covered | WB#273 p152 |
| Field ops-planting | Plugging slips into gully banks - Zimbabwe - See Figure | WB#273 p146 |
| Field ops-planting | Polybag survival vs bare root - 98% vs 17% | WB#273 p208 |
| Field ops-planting | Poorer sites need more slips; 4 slips at 5cm best but costly | WB#273 p76 |
| Field ops-planting | Preparation of slips - India - See Photo | Newsletter#14 p17 |
| Field ops-planting | Pruning tops and roots to 10 cm | WB#273 p45 |
| Field ops-planting | Rapid establishment essential for highways, bridge abutments & culverts | WB#273 p170 |
| Field ops-planting | Replanting may be necessary every 6-10 years in dry conditions | WB#273 p205 |
| Field ops-planting | Sheet & rill erosion -2 rows not recommended | WB#273 p123 |
| Field ops-planting | Slips planted at 3-50cm centres - gaps after 2-5 years - Papua New Guinea | Newsletter#15 p30 |
| Field ops-planting | Slope spacing rule 1-2 m VI; 1m VI for lower slopes | WB#273 p65 |
| Field ops-planting | Slopes 15-60% 600-2,400m barrier; 4-16,000 slips | Newsletter#13 p12 |
| Field ops-planting | Small slope downslope of hedge for moisture stress areas | WB#273 p48 |
| Field ops-planting | South India type of Vetiver opnly to be used | BOSTID p66 |
| Field ops-planting | Suare mesh honeycomb planting defined - China | Newsletter#18 p.67 |
| Field ops-planting | Survey markers use polybags at 3m intervals placed at 'T' and 'L' points | Newsletter#13 p6 |
| Field ops-planting | Suvival with heel-in 97.5%; without 92.3% - China | Newsletter#18 p.20 |
| Field ops-planting | Timing after uprooting 10-30 days OK | WB#273 p45 |
| Field ops-planting | Vertical Interval - best not more than 2 m | Newsletter#15 p30 |
| Field ops-planting | Vertical Interval between hedges - See Table | Newsletter#13 p20 |
| Field ops-planting | Water cultivation for accelerating root growth described | Newsletter#18 p.19 |
| Field ops-planting | Water essential for first 6-8 weeks - China | Newsletter#18 p.16 |
| Field ops-production | 100 tons DM p.a. under irrig - Texas | WB#273 p250 |
| Field ops-production | 1m barrier provides material for additional 5-15m within 1-2 years | Newsletter#13 p12 |
| Field ops-production | 2-4 cuttings 5-16 t/ha biomass for mulching | Newsletter#13 p27 |
| Field ops-production | 350 tons fresh leaf p.a. under irrigation - Texas, USA | WB#273 p250 |
| Field ops-production |